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【TED】快节奏世界的反思

 

Do you ever wonder why we're surrounded with things that help us do everything [AI] 你有没有想过为什么我们周围都是帮助我们做每件事的东西 faster and faster and faster? [AI] 越来越快,越来越快? Communicate faster. [AI] 沟通更快。 but also work faster. bank faster. [AI] 而且工作速度更快。银行更快。 travel faster. find a date faster. [AI] 旅行得更快。更快地找到约会对象。 cook faster. clean faster and do all of it all at the same time? [AI] 煮得快一点。清洁速度更快,同时完成所有工作? How do you feel about cramming even more into every waking hour? [AI] 在醒着的每一个小时里塞进更多的东西,你感觉如何? Well. to my generation of Americans. [AI] 好给我们这一代美国人。 speed feels like a birthright. [AI] 速度感觉像是与生俱来的权利。 Sometimes I think our minimum speed is Mach 3. [AI] 有时我认为我们的最低速度是3马赫。 Anything less. and we fear losing our competitive edge. [AI] 少一点。我们担心失去竞争优势。 But even my generation is starting to question [AI] 但就连我们这一代人也开始质疑 whether we're the masters of speed [AI] 我们是否是速度大师 or if speed is mastering us. [AI] 或者如果速度控制着我们。 I'm an anthropologist at the Rand Corporation. [AI] 我是兰德公司的人类学家。 and while many anthropologists study ancient cultures. [AI] 当许多人类学家研究古代文化时。 I focus on modern day cultures and how we're adapting [AI] 我关注现代文化以及我们如何适应 to all of this change happening in the world. [AI] 感谢世界上发生的所有这些变化。 Recently. I teamed up with an engineer. Seifu Chonde. to study speed. [AI] 不久前我和一位工程师合作。塞夫·孔德。学习速度。 We were interested both in how people are adapting to this age of acceleration [AI] 我们都对人们如何适应这个加速发展的时代感兴趣 and its security and policy implications. [AI] 及其安全和政策影响。 What could our world look like in 25 years [AI] 25年后我们的世界会是什么样子 if the current pace of change keeps accelerating? [AI] 如果当前的变化速度继续加快? What would it mean for transportation. [AI] 这对运输业意味着什么。 or learning. communication. [AI] 或者学习。表达 manufacturing. weaponry [AI] 制造业武器装备 or even natural selection? [AI] 甚至自然选择? Will a faster future make us more secure and productive? [AI] 更快的未来会让我们更安全、更高效吗? Or will it make us more vulnerable? [AI] 还是会让我们更加脆弱? In our research. people accepted acceleration as inevitable. [AI] 在我们的研究中。人们认为加速是不可避免的。 both the thrills and the lack of control. [AI] 既兴奋又缺乏控制。 They fear that if they were to slow down. [AI] 他们担心如果他们放慢脚步。 they might run the risk of becoming obsolete. [AI] 它们可能面临被淘汰的风险。 They say they'd rather burn out than rust out. [AI] 他们说他们宁愿烧坏也不愿生锈。 Yet at the same time. [AI] 但与此同时。 they worry that speed could erode their cultural traditions [AI] 他们担心速度会侵蚀他们的文化传统 and their sense of home. [AI] 还有他们的家的感觉。 But even people who are winning at the speed game [AI] 但即使是在速度比赛中获胜的人 admit to feeling a little uneasy. [AI] 承认有点不安。 They see acceleration as widening the gap between the haves. [AI] 他们认为加速增长会扩大富人之间的差距。 the jet-setters who are buzzing around. [AI] 到处嗡嗡叫的喷气式飞机驾驶员。 and the have-nots. [AI] 还有穷人。 who are left in the digital dust. [AI] 谁被留在数字尘埃中。 Yes. we have good reason to forecast that the future will be faster. [AI] 对我们有充分的理由预测未来会更快。 but what I've come to realize [AI] 但我已经意识到 is that speed is paradoxical. [AI] 速度是自相矛盾的。 and like all good paradoxes. [AI] 就像所有好的悖论一样。 it teaches us about the human experience. [AI] 它教会我们人类的经验。 as absurd and complex as it is. [AI] 尽管如此荒谬和复杂。 The first paradox is that we love speed. [AI] 第一个悖论是我们热爱速度。 and we're thrilled by its intensity. [AI] 我们为它的强度而激动。 But our prehistoric brains aren't really built for it. [AI] 但我们的史前大脑并不是为它而建造的。 so we invent roller coasters and race cars and supersonic planes. [AI] 所以我们发明了过山车、赛车和超音速飞机。 but we get whiplash. carsick. [AI] 但我们会被鞭打。晕车。 jet-lagged. [AI] 时差。 We didn't evolve to multitask. [AI] 我们没有进化到多任务。 Rather. we evolved to do one thing with incredible focus. [AI] 相当地我们进化成专注于做一件事。 like hunt -- not necessarily with great speed [AI] 比如亨特——不一定要很快 but with endurance for great distance. [AI] 但是要有耐力跑很远的距离。 But now there's a widening gap between our biology and our lifestyles. [AI] 但现在我们的生物学和生活方式之间的差距越来越大。 a mismatch between what our bodies are built for and what we're making them do. [AI] 我们的身体是为什么而建的,我们让它们做什么,两者之间的不匹配。 It's a phenomenon my mentors have called "Stone Agers in the fast lane." [AI] 这是我的导师们称之为“快车道上的石器时代人”的现象 (Laughter) [AI] (众笑) A second paradox of speed is that it can be measured objectively. Right? [AI] 速度的第二个悖论是它可以被客观地测量。正当 Miles per hour. gigabytes per second. [AI] 英里每小时。每秒千兆字节。 But how speed feels. [AI] 但是速度的感觉。 and whether we like it. [AI] 以及我们是否喜欢它。 is highly subjective. [AI] 这是非常主观的。 So we can document [AI] 所以我们可以记录 that the pace at which we are adopting new technologies is increasing. [AI] 我们采用新技术的速度正在加快。 For example. it took 85 years from the introduction of the telephone [AI] 例如自从电话问世以来,花了85年时间 to when the majority of Americans had phones at home. [AI] 直到大多数美国人在家里都有手机的时候。 In contrast. it only took 13 years for most of us to have smartphones. [AI] 相反我们大多数人只用了13年就拥有了智能手机。 And how people act and react to speed [AI] 以及人们对速度的行为和反应 varies by culture and among different people within the same culture. [AI] 不同的文化以及同一文化中不同的人之间的差异。 Interactions that could be seen as pleasantly brisk and convenient [AI] 可以被视为愉快、轻松和方便的互动 in some cultures [AI] 在某些文化中 could be seen as horribly rude in others. [AI] 在其他人身上可能被视为极其粗鲁。 I mean. you wouldn't go asking for a to-go cup at a Japanese tea ceremony [AI] 我是说。你不会在日本的茶道上要一杯“围棋杯” so you could jet off to your next tourist stop. [AI] 这样你就可以乘飞机去下一个旅游站了。 Would you? [AI] 你愿意吗? A third paradox is that speed begets speed. [AI] 第三个悖论是速度产生速度。 The faster I respond. the more responses I get. [AI] 我的反应越快。我得到的回应越多。 the faster I have to respond again. [AI] 我的反应越快。 Having more communication [AI] 有更多的交流 and information at our fingertips [AI] 以及触手可及的信息 at any given moment [AI] 在任何时刻 was supposed to make decision-making easier and more rational. [AI] 本应使决策更容易、更理性。 But that doesn't really seem to be happening. [AI] 但这似乎并没有真正发生。 Here's just one more paradox: [AI] 这里还有一个悖论: If all of these faster technologies were supposed to free us from drudgery. [AI] 如果所有这些更快的技术都能让我们从苦工中解脱出来。 why do we all feel so pressed for time? [AI] 为什么我们都觉得时间紧迫? Why are we crashing our cars in record numbers. [AI] 为什么我们要以创纪录的速度撞车。 because we think we have to answer that text right away? [AI] 因为我们认为我们必须马上回答那篇课文? Shouldn't life in the fast lane feel a little more fun [AI] 快车道上的生活难道不应该更有趣一点吗 and a little less anxious? [AI] 少一点焦虑? German speakers even have a word for this: [AI] 说德语的人甚至对此有一个词: "Eilkrankheit." [AI] “Eilkrankheit。” In English. that's "hurry sickness." [AI] 用英语这就是“急躁症” When we have to make fast decisions. [AI] 当我们必须快速做出决定时。 autopilot brain kicks in. [AI] 自动驾驶仪的大脑启动了。 and we rely on our learned behaviors. [AI] 我们依靠我们所学的行为。 our reflexes. our cognitive biases. [AI] 我们的反应。我们的认知偏见。 to help us perceive and respond quickly. [AI] 帮助我们快速感知和响应。 Sometimes that saves our lives. right? [AI] 有时这会拯救我们的生命。正当 Fight or flight. [AI] 战斗或逃跑。 But sometimes. it leads us astray in the long run. [AI] 但是有时候。从长远来看,它使我们误入歧途。 Oftentimes. when our society has major failures. [AI] 经常。当我们的社会出现重大失败时。 they're not technological failures. [AI] 它们不是技术上的失败。 They're failures that happen when we made decisions too quickly [AI] 当我们太快做出决定时,就会发生失败 on autopilot. [AI] 自动驾驶仪。 We didn't do the creative or critical thinking required [AI] 我们没有进行必要的创造性或批判性思考 to connect the dots [AI] 点到为止 or weed out false information [AI] 或者剔除虚假信息 or make sense of complexity. [AI] 或者理解复杂性。 That kind of thinking can't be done fast. [AI] 这种想法不可能很快完成。 That's slow thinking. [AI] 那是缓慢的思考。 Two psychologists. Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky. [AI] 两位心理学家。丹尼尔·卡尼曼和阿莫斯·特沃斯基。 started pointing this out back in 1974. [AI] 早在1974年就开始指出这一点。 and we're still struggling to do something with their insights. [AI] 我们仍在努力利用他们的见解。 All of modern history can be thought of as one spurt of acceleration after another. [AI] 所有的现代历史都可以看作是一个又一个加速的喷发。 It's as if we think if we just speed up enough. [AI] 就好像我们在想,如果我们的速度足够快的话。 we can outrun our problems. [AI] 我们可以解决我们的问题。 But we never do. [AI] 但我们从来没有这样做过。 We know this in our own lives. [AI] 我们在自己的生活中都知道这一点。 and policymakers know it. too. [AI] 决策者也知道这一点。也 So now we're turning to artificial intelligence [AI] 所以现在我们转向人工智能 to help us make faster and smarter decisions [AI] 帮助我们做出更快更明智的决策 to process this ever-expanding universe of data. [AI] 来处理这个不断膨胀的数据世界。 But machines crunching data are no substitute [AI] 但处理数据的机器是无法替代的 for critical and sustained thinking [AI] 用于批判性和持续性思考 by humans. [AI] 人类的。 whose Stone Age brains need a little time to let their impulses subside. [AI] 他们石器时代的大脑需要一点时间让他们的冲动平息下来。 to slow the mind [AI] 使头脑迟钝 and let the thoughts flow. [AI] 让思想流动。 If you're starting to think that we should just hit the brakes. [AI] 如果你开始认为我们应该踩刹车。 that won't always be the right solution. [AI] 这并不总是正确的解决方案。 We all know that a train that's going too fast around a bend can derail. [AI] 我们都知道,一列在转弯处开得太快的火车会出轨。 but Seifu. the engineer. [AI] 但是西夫。工程师。 taught me that a train that's going too slowly around a bend can also derail. [AI] 教会了我,一列在转弯处行驶太慢的火车也会出轨。 So managing this spurt of acceleration starts with the understanding [AI] 因此,管理这种加速的爆发首先是理解 that we have more control over speed than we think we do. [AI] 我们对速度的控制比我们想象的要多。 individually and as a society. [AI] 个人和作为一个社会。 Sometimes. we'll need to engineer ourselves to go faster. [AI] 有时我们需要设计自己,以加快速度。 We'll want to solve gridlock. [AI] 我们要解决交通堵塞。 speed up disaster relief for hurricane victims [AI] 加快对飓风灾民的救灾工作 or use 3-D printing to produce what we need on the spot. [AI] 或者使用3D打印技术现场制作我们需要的东西。 just when we need it. [AI] 就在我们需要的时候。 Sometimes. though. we'll want to make our surroundings feel slower [AI] 有时虽然我们想让周围的环境感觉更慢 to engineer the crash out of the speedy experience. [AI] 在快速体验的基础上设计碰撞。 And it's OK not to be stimulated all the time. [AI] 不受刺激也没关系。 It's good for adults [AI] 这对成年人有好处 and for kids. [AI] 还有孩子们。 Maybe it's boring. but it gives us time to reflect. [AI] 也许这很无聊。但这给了我们时间反思。 Slow time is not wasted time. [AI] 慢时间不是浪费时间。 And we need to reconsider what it means to save time. [AI] 我们需要重新考虑节省时间意味着什么。 Culture and rituals around the world build in slowness. [AI] 世界各地的文化和仪式都是缓慢发展的。 because slowness helps us reinforce our shared values and connect. [AI] 因为缓慢有助于加强我们的共同价值观和联系。 And connection is a critical part of being human. [AI] 而联系是人的重要组成部分。 We need to master speed. [AI] 我们需要掌握速度。 and that means thinking carefully about the trade-offs of any given technology. [AI] 这意味着要仔细考虑任何给定技术的利弊。 Will it help you reclaim time that you can use to express your humanity? [AI] 它会帮助你重新获得时间来表达你的人性吗? Will it give you hurry sickness? Will it give other people hurry sickness? [AI] 它会给你带来快感吗?会不会给别人带来急躁症? If you're lucky enough to decide the pace that you want to travel through life. [AI] 如果你足够幸运,可以决定你想要的生活节奏。 it's a privilege. [AI] 这是一种特权。 Use it. [AI] 使用它。 You might decide that you need both to speed up [AI] 你可能会决定两者都需要加速 and to create slow time: [AI] 为了创造慢时间: time to reflect. [AI] 是时候反思了。 to percolate [AI] 渗滤 at your own pace; [AI] 以你自己的步伐; time to listen. [AI] 是时候倾听了。 to empathize. [AI] 同情。 to rest your mind. [AI] 让你安心。 to linger at the dinner table. [AI] 在餐桌旁徘徊。 So as we zoom into the future. [AI] 所以当我们展望未来的时候。 let's consider setting the technologies of speed. [AI] 让我们考虑设置速度技术。 the purpose of speed [AI] 速度的目的 and our expectations of speed [AI] 以及我们对速度的期望 to a more human pace. [AI] 以更人性化的步伐。 Thank you. [AI] 非常感谢。 (Applause) [AI] (掌声)

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